;aar
Switzerland, flows through Brienz and Thun lakes, and thence into the Rhine,
181 m.; famous Aar gorges above Meiringen.
;abitibi
flows into James Bay, Ontario, Canada; gold dist.
;adda
N. Italy, flows thru L. Como to R. Po.
;adige
in N. Italy; enters Adriatic N. of Po, l. 240 m.
;adour
S.W. France; rises in the Pyrenees, enters Bay of Biscay below
Bayonne; l. 207 m.
;aire
W.R. Yorks, Eng.; trib. Ouse; l. 70 m.
;aisne
N.E. France; trib. R. Oise; l. 150 m.
;aldan
navigable R., Siberia, USSR; l. 300 m.
;allegheny
USA; joins the Ohio R., Pittsburgh, Penns.; l. 350 m.
;allier
Central Massif, France; rises in Cevennes; trib. of R. Loire.
;alma
Crimea, USSR; great victory over Russia by Allies, 1854.
;aln
Northumberland, Eng.
;altamaha
Georgia, USA; flowing into Atlantic; l. 150 m.
;amazon
S. America; lgst basin and extent of water of any river
in the world; rises among the Andes as Alto Maran~on, and flows
3900 m. to the Atlantic. Ocean streamers penetrate to
Iquitos, 1935 m. from the mouth. One of its affluents,
the Madeira, has an extreme l. of c. 2000 m.
Drains nearly 3 million sq. m.
;ammer
Germany; joins Neckar nr. Tu:bingen.
;amu darya (oxus)
USSR; flows from the Pamir Mtns. to Aral Sea, l. 1350 m.
;amur
flows from Mongolia between Manchuria and E. Siberia
into the Pacific, opposite Sakhalin I.; l. 3000 m.
;anadyr
USSR; flows into Bering Sea.
;ancholme
Eng.; rises in Lincolnshire and joins the Humber.
;anderson
N.W. Terr., Canada; flows into Arctic Ocean.
;angara
Siberia, USSR; trib. of Yenisei; navigable almost its
entire l., rises nr. and flows through L. Baikal;
l. 1300 m.
;angermana:lven
Sweden; falls into G. of Bothnia.
;appomattox
Va. USA; joins James R.
;apurimac
Peru; joins the Ucayali; l. 500 m.
;araguaia
Brazil; trib. of Tocatins; l. 1000 m.
;aras (the ancient araxes)
rising in Armenia, flows through Transcaucasia to the Kur, 500 m.
;araxes
rises in Armenia, flows through Transcaucasia to Caspian Sea;
bdy. between Persia and USSR.
;argun
N.E. Asia; headstream of Amur; rises in Heilungkiang, China,
and for 500 m. forms frontier between USSR and China; l. 1000 m.
;arkansas
USA; navigable 650 m.; l. 1450 m.
;arno
Central Italy; flows past Florence and Pisa into Mediterranean;
Val d'Arno is the fruitful valley of the R.; l. 75 m.
;arroux
France; trib. of the Loire; flows past Autun; l. 75 m.
;arun
Sussex, Eng.; flows into English Channel at Littlehampton;
l. 40 m.
;aruwimi
Central Africa; trib. of Congo; route of Stanley's famous
forest march in 1887; l. 1800 m.
;arve
Haute-Savoie, France; falls into Rho^ne near Geneva; l. 45 m.
;ashburton
West Australia; flows into Indian Ocean at Onslow; l. 400 m.
;aspropotamos
Greece; longest R. in the country; l. 115 m.
;assiniboine
Manitoba, Canada; joins Red R. at Winnipeg; l. 1500 m.
;atbara (black nile)
Ethiopia and Sudan; trib. of Nile; l. 790 m.
;athabaska
Alberta, Saskatchewan, Canada; navigable by steamers,
save at Grand Rapids, near mouth of Clearwater R.; l. 740 m.
;atrato
Colombia, S. America; flowing to G. of Darien, l. 275 m.
;atrek
Iran; enters Caspian Sea; l. 250 m.
;au sable
New York, USA; flows from the Adirondack Mtns. to L. Champlain.
;aube
France; trib. Seine; l. 1255 m.
;avoca
Ireland; drains Wicklow Mtns.
;avon
Wilts and Hants, Eng.; flows past Salisbury into English Channel
at Christchurch; l. 65 m.
;axe
Somerset, Eng.; rising in the Mendip Hills and flowing
to Severn.
;back
N.W. Terr., Canada; falls into Arctic Ocean; l. 360 m.
;bahr-el-ghaza
Sudan; trib. of White Nile.
;baleswar
one of the chief distributaries of the Ganges to Bay of Bengal.
;balsas
Mexico; flows S. to Pacific Ocean through impt. sugar-cane
growing valley of Morelos; l. approx. 500 m.
;bann
Upper and Lower R., N. Ireland; rises in co. Down,
and flows thru Lough Neagh to Atlantic nr. Coleraine;
l. 90 m.
;banwy
Montgomery, Wales.
;barada
Syria; in plain of Damascus.
;barcoo
see Cooper's Creek.
;barren
Ky. USA; l. 120 m.
;barrow
Leinster, Ireland; rises in Slieve Bloom Mtns., and flows
to Waterford Harbour.
;bartholomew bayou
Ark., USA, l. 275 m.
;bashee
Cape Province, S. Africa.
;bassein
Burma.
;baures
E. Bolivia; flowing from L. Guazamire to R. Guapore; l. 300 m.
;beas (bias)
Punjab, India; trib. of Sutlej R.; one of the "five rivers".
;beauly
Inverness, Scot.; flows to Beauly Loch.
;beaver
Penn, Ohio, USA; rises in Allegheny Plateau, flows N.
towards L. Erie, turns S.E. into R. Ohio just below
Pittsburgh; valley provides easiest route from
Pittsburgh to L. Erie pts., contains many steel-mkg.
ts., Youngstown, Newcastle, Warren; length 130 m.
;bega
S. Hungary; canalised trib. to R. Tisza.
;belize
Brit. Honduras, Central America; 150 m. long;
rises in N.E. Guatemala and flows E. into G. of Honduras at B.
;bell
Quebec, Canada; flows N. into James Bayla, joins Orinoco to the Rio Negro, a trib. of the
Amazon.
;benue
W. Africa; chief trib. of Niger.
;berezina
USSR; trib. Dnieper; French disaster on the retreat from Moscow;
l. 350 m.
;bermejo
trib. R. Parnas, Argentina.
;betwa
R. of Bohpal, India, trib. of Jumna R.; l. 360 m.
;bidassoa
on Spanish-French frontier.
;big black
trib. of Mississippi, USA.
;big horn
Wyo., USA; trib. of Yellow-stone R.
;billabong
NSW, Australia.
;bio-bio
Chile; rises in Andes, flows N.W. to Pac. Oc. at
Talcahuano; l. 300 m.
;black volta
Upper Volta and Ghana; rises in Futa Jallon Plateau, flows E., S.
and E. into R. Volta; l., over 800 m.
;black warrior
Ala., USA; flows through coalfields; navigable; water power.
;blackwater
Ireland; three of this name.
;blood
Natal, S. Africa.
;blue nile (bahr-el-azrek)
rising in the tablelands of Ethiopia, joins White Nile at Khartoum;
its seasonal flooding provides the bulk of water for
irrigation in Sudan and UAR.
;bluefields
Nicaragua, Central America.
;bobrawa
Lower Silesia; W. Poland; trib. of R. Oder; l. 158 m.
;boise
Idaho, USA.
;bow
Alberta, N.W. Canada; head of Saskatchewan R.
;boyne
Leinster, Ireland; l. 80 m.
;brahmaputra
India, Tsangpo in Tibet; l. 1800 m.
;brandywine creek
Penns., USA; Americans defeated by British 1777.
;brazos
Texas, USA; l. 950 m.
;brue
Somerset, Eng.
;bug
Poland; trib. of Vistula R.; since 1939 frontier
between Poland and Ukraine SSR.
;bure
Norfolk, Eng.
;calder
W.R. Yorks, Eng.; trib. of Aire R.
;camel
E. Cornwall, Eng.; l. 30 m.
;campaspe
Victoria, Australia; rises in Grampian Mtns., flows N. in
R. Murray at Echuca; supplies water for irrigated area
between Rochester and Echuca; l., 140 m.
;canadian
trib. (flowing from New Maxico) of Arkansas R. USA; l. 900 m.
;canton
see Chukiang.
;caroni
Venezuela, S. America; hydro-elec. complex at confluence
Orinoco R. under constr.
;casiquiare
Venezuela, joins Orinoco to the Rio Negro, a trib. of the
Amazon.
;catawba
N.C., USA; rising in the Blue Ridge Range; l. 300 m.
;cauvery
S. India; rises in the W. Ghats, flows into Bay of Bengal
thru Mysore and Madras; l. 400 m.
;cedar (or red cedar)
Iowa, USA; trib. of Mississippi R., l. 400 m.
;chambal
trib. of R. Jumna rising in Vindhya hills; l. 650 m.
;charente
W. France; flows into Bay of Biscay below Rochefort.
;chelmer
Essex, Eng.; joins R. Blackwater at Maldon.
;chenab
W. Punjab, Pakistan; one of "five rivers" of Punjab;
rises in Himalayas, flows S.W. into R. Sutlej; dams
at Merala and Khanki provide water for Upper and Lower
Chanab Irrigation Canal System; l. approx. 900 m.
;cher
France, trib. of R. Loire, flowing from Auvergne Mtns.
;cherwell
trib. of Thames, nr. Oxford; l. 30 m.
;cheyenne
S.D. USA; trib. of Missouri; l. 500 m.
;chickamauga creek
USA; branch of the Tennessee R. above Chattanooga; Civil
War battles; site of National Park.
;chilcoot
pass, Alaska, leading into Yukon Valley.
;chindwin
Burma; ch. trib. of Irrawaddy; rising in Patkoi Hills,
navigable in rainy season.
;choctawhatchee
Ala. and Fla. USA; l. 180 m.
;chu
Kazakh SSR, USSR; rises in Tien Shan, flows N.W. for 500 m.
into inland drainage basin; Chumysh Dam provides hydro-elec.
and water for intensive cultivation under irrigation of
cotton, sugar-beet and citrus fruits.
;chu kiang (canton r or pearl r)
Kwangtung, S. China; one of the most impt. waterways of China;
fertile delta known as "land of fish, rice and fruit";
around Canton network of elec. drainage and irrigation stas.,
built since 1959.
;chuckmere
Sussex, Eng.; rises in High Weald and flows S. into English Channel
4 m. W. of Beachy Head; passes through S. Downs in very beautiful gap;
l. 23 m.
;churchill
formerly Hamilton R. flows into H. inlet, cst. of Labrador,
Canada; magnificent waterfall, Churchill Falls.
;clarence
NSW, Australia; l. 240 m.
;clutha
S.I. New Zealand.
;clwyd
Denbigh, N. Wales; flows into Irish Sea at Rhyl; l. 30 m.
;clyde
Lanark, S.W. Scot.; navigable to Glasgow; greatest shipbldg. ctr.
in world; l. 96 m.; twin-road tunnel under R. in Glasgow
(Whiteinch-Linthouse) completed 1963.
;coanza
Angola; l. 660 m.
;colne
Essex, Eng.; oysters.
;colorado
W. of N. America, formed by union of Grand and Green Rs. (2000 m.
long, navigable for 600 m.), with can~on (6000 ft. deep).
;columbia
on Pacific slope of N. America; rises in Brit. Columbia,
flows thru Wash., USA; salmon fishing; l. 1400 m.
;conchos
Chihuahua prov., Mexico, Central America; flows N.E. from
Sierra Tarahumare to Rio Grande; cotton under irrigation in
upper valley.
;condamine
Queensland, Australia; trib. of R. Darling.
;congo
greatest R. in Africa, numerous tribs.; estd. l. 3000 m.;
drains 1.5 million sq. m.; navigable from sea to Matadi for ocean
steamers, from Matadi to Stanley Pool interrupted by rapids
and falls, again navigable to Stanley Falls; estuary, 7-10 m. wide.
;connecticut
flows S. to Long I. Sound, USA; l. 450 m.
;coopers creek (barcoo)
Central Australia; rises in Warrego Range, Gr. Dividing Range,
flows S.W. into marshes of L Eyre; flow is intermittent and
seasonal, but provides water for livestock in this semi-arid
region; l. approx. 900 m.
;coosa
Ala., USA; l. 350 m.
;coppermine
N.W. Terr., Canada; flows N. into Arctic Ocean; l. 300 m.
;corentyne
forms bdy. between Brit. and Netherland Guiana; l. 400 m.
;crocadile 
see Limpopo.
;cross
S.E. Nigeria; rises in Cameroon Highlands, flows W. and S.
into G. of Guinea at Calabar; useful inland waterway; l. approx.
400 m.
;cubango
S. Africa, enters L. Ngami.
;culgoa
trib. of Darling R., Queensland and NSW, Australia.
;cumberland
Ky., USA; trib. of Ohio; 700 m.
;cuyahoga
in N. Ohio, USA, flowing into L. Erie at Cleveland; l. 85 m.
;cuyuri
Venezuela, enters sea at Brit. Guiana.
;dakota
trib. of Missouri R., USA.
;dala:lven
S. Central Sweden; l. 325 m.
;daly
N. Terr. Australia; flowing into Anson Bay.
;dambovitta
Romania; rises in Mt. Omul (Transylvanian Alps), flows S. thru
Bucharest to R. Danube; flows thru impt. oilfields; l. 150 m.
;danube
second longest R. in Europe; rises in Black Forest, Germany,
and flows E. into Black Sea; navigable for steamers from Ulm
to the sea; Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade and other large cs. on its
banks; l. 1750 m.
;darling
NSW, Australia; rises in Gr. Dividing Range, flows S.W. into Murray
R. at Wentworth; l. 1702 m.
;dart
Devon, Eng.; rises in Dartmoor, flows S. into English Channel at
Dartmouth; l. 46 m.
;dee
Louth, Ireland; flowing to Dundalk Bay; l. 20 m.
;delaware
flows from New York state along the Pensylvania border, through
New Jersey to Delaware Bay; l. 350 m.
;derwent
lgst R, Tasmania; flowing to Storm Bay; l. 30 m.
;des moines
Iowa, USA; trib. of the Mississippi rising in Minnesota; l. 550 m.
;desaguadero
Bolivia, S. America; outlet of L. Titicaca.
;detroit
channel between L. St. Clair and L. Eire (25 m.), separates
st. of Michigan from Ontario, Canada; carries more shipping
than and other inland waterway in the world; navigable for
eight months in the year.
;deveron
Aberdeen and Banff, Scot.; flows into Moray Firth; l. 61 m.
;devon
trib. of Forth, Scot.; l. 34 m.
;diamante
Mendoza prov., Argentina; rises in Andes, flows E. into R.
Salado; irrigates oasis of San Rafael; l. 200 m.
;dnieper
S.E. Europe; rises in USSR, flows into the Black Sea;
connected by canals with Baltic, etc.; the Dneprostroy dam,
a barrage erected across the R. at Kichkas by the Soviet
Government, feeds the lgst. power-sta. in the world;
l. 1400 m.
;dniester
S.E. Europe; rises in Carpathians and flows into the Black Sea;
l. 700 m.
;doce
Brazil; flows to Atlantic; l. 400 m.
;don
lge. R. W. Russia; falls into Sea of Azov below Rostov;
navigable to Voronezh; access to the Volga by the Don-Volga Canal.
;donets
Ukraine SSR, USSR; rises in uplands of central Russia, flows S.E.
400 m. into R. Don; crosses impt. Donets coalfield. See Donbas.
;doon
Ayr, Scot.; flows from Loch Doon to Firth of Clyde; l. 26 m.
;dora baltea
N. Italy; rises in Mt. Blanc, flows E. and S. thru Val d'Aosta
to R. Po at Chivasso; impt. routeway from N. Italy to
Switzerland (through Gr. St. Bernard Pass) and France (through
Little St. Bernard Pass); l. 95 m.
;dora riparia
Italy; trib. of R. Po flowing from Cottian Alps past Turin;
l. 60 m.
;dordogne
France; joins Garonne to form the Gironde; l. 290 m.
;douro
Portugal and Spain; enters Atlantic below Oporto;
known as Duero R. in Spain; l. 485 m.
;dove
Derby and Staffs, Eng.; trib. of Trent;
flows thru beautiful dales; l. 45 m.
;drava
Jugoslavia; trib. of Danube, flows from the Tyrol
across Carinthia and Styria, joining D. nr. t. of Osijek; l. 450 m.
;drina
trib. Sava, Jugoslavia, separating Serbia from Bosnia; l. 300 m.
;durance
S.E. France; trib. of Rho^ne; rapid current; l. 217 m.
;dvina
(N.) flows to White Sea at Arkhangelsk
and is formed by the junction of the Rs.
Sukhona and Vychgeda, USSR; connected by
canal with Neva and Volga; l. 1000 m.
;earn
Perth, Scot.; issues from Loch Earn (6.5 m. long) and flows into
the Tay R.; l. 46 m.
;east main
Labrador, Newfoundland, Canada; flowing into James Bay.
;ebro
N.E. Spain; flows to Mediterranean from Cantabrian Mtns.;
l. 440 m.
;ebury
Monmouth, Eng.; trib. of Usk R.
;eden
Westmorland, Eng.; rises in Pennines, flows N.W. to Solway
Fburg;
navigable for 500 m. of total l. 725 m.
;ehen
Cumberland, Eng.; issues from Ennerdale Water to Irish Sea; l. 12 m.
;eider
Germany; connected with Kiel canal; l. 90 m.
;elan
Radnor, Wales; rises on S.E. side of Plynlimon, flows S.E. then
N.E. into R. Wye at Rhayader; lower valley contains series of
4 lge. reservoirs, l. 4 m., capacicty 10000 million gall.;
ch. source of water for Birmingham.
;elbe
Czechoslovakia, Germany; the Roman "Albis"; rises in Bohemia
and flows into N. Sea at Cuxhaven, 65 m. below Hamburg;
navigable for 500 m. of total l. 725 m.
;emba
Kazakh SSR; rises in S. end of Ural Mtns., flows S.W. to
Caspian Sea; crosses productive Ural-Emba oilfield.
;ems
N. Germany; rises in Teutoburger Wald, flows N. to N. Sea
at Emden; l. 205 m.
;emscher
W. Germany; rises in Sanerland, flows W. thru heart of
Ruhr coalfield to enter R. Rhine at Hamborn; canalised for most
of its course; l. 55 m.
;endrick
Stirling, Scot.; flows to Loch Lomond; l. 29 m.
;enns
Austria; S. trib. of Danube; 112 m. l.
Dordogne; navigable to Pauillac.
;erne
N. Ireland, flows to Donegal Bay, l. 72 m.
;esk
N.R. Yorks, Eng.; rises in Cleveland Hills, flows E.
into N. Sea at Whitby; l. 28 m.
;essequibo
Guyana; l. 620 m.
;etowah
Ga., USA; trib. of Coosa R.
;ettrick
Selkirk, Scot.; l. 32 m.
;euphrates
lgst. R. in S.W. Asia; rises in Armenian uplands
and joined by the Tigris, enters Persian G. at Shatt-el-Arab; l. 1780 m.
;exe
Somerset and Devon, rises on Exmoor, flows S. to English Channel
at Exmouth; l. 44 m.
;exploits
Newfoundland, Canada; l. 150 m.
;fal
Cornwall, Eng.; flows to the English Channel; l. 23 m.
;feather
Cal., USA; trib. of Sacramento R.
;fitzroy
W. Australia; flows into King Sound.
;flinders
Queensland, Australia; flowing to G. of Carpentaria.
;fly
New Guinea; flows S.E. to G. of Papua.
;fort george
Labrador, Canada; flowing to James Bay.
;fortescue
W. Australia.
;forth
Scot.; rises on Ben Lomond, and flows E. into F. of Forth
nr. Alloa; l. 65 m.
;fraser
B.C., Canada; rises 6000 ft. on W. slopes Rocky Mtns.;
famous salmon fisheries; l. 850 m.
;french
Ontario, Canada; the outlet of L. Nipissing into L. Huron.
;fulda
Central Germany; with the Werra form the R. Wesser.
;gallego
N.E. Spain; rises in Pyrenees, flows S. to R. Ebro
at Zaragoza; R. provides water for iggigation around
Zaragoza; valley used by main rly. across Pyrenees from
Pau (France) to Zaragoza; l. 110 m.
;gambia
Fr. W. Africa and Gambia, rises in Futa Jallon Plateau,
flows N. and W. into Atl. Oc. at Bathurst; forms main
means of communication through Gambia.
;ganges (ganga)
gr. sacred R., India; rises in Himalayas and flows to
Bay of Bengal, by several delta mouths, on one of which
stands Calcutta. Delta very fertile and densely populated.
Navigable for lge. ships from Allahabad; l. 1500 m.
;garonne
S.W. France; rises at foot of Mt. Maladetta (Pyrenees),
and enters the Gironde esturary 20 m. below Bordeaux;
l. 350 m.
;gatineau
Canada; trib. of Ottawa R., which it joins nr. Ottawa;
l. 300 m.
;gers
rising in the Pyrenees, flows to the Garonne; l. 75 m.
;ghaghara (gogra)
sacred R., India; rising in Tibet, flows thru Uttar
Pradesh; trib. of Ganges; l. 300 m.
;gila
New Mexico and Arizona, USA; trib. of Rio Colarado;
water used for irrigation in Imperial Valley; l. 650 m.
;gilgit
R. of the Punjab rising in Chitral, trib. of
the Indus, flowing along the Gilgit valley into Kashmir.
;gironde
S.W. France; formed by junction of Rs. Garonne and
Dordogne; naviagable to Pauillac.
;glenelg
S.W. Victoria, Australia; l. 200 m.
;glommen
Norway; lgst. Norwegian R., flows S. in Skaggerak.
;go:ta
Sweden; flows from L. Va:nern to the Kattegat; also canal
connecting L. Va:nern with the Baltic; the G. Canal provides
a popular tourist trip from Stockholm to Go:teborg.
;godavari
India; flows E. across Deccan to Bay of Bengal; froms large
delta; l. 900 m.
;goulburn
Victoria, Australia.
;grand
Mich., USA; enters L. Mich. at Grand Haven, navigable to Grand Rapids;
l. 250 m.
;great fish
Cape Province, S. Africa.
;great slave
Canada, flowing between L. Athabaska and the Great Slave L.
;green
trib. of Grand R., Utah, USA; l. 750 m.
;guadalaviar
E. Spain; flows into Mediterranean nr. Valencia; l. 130 m.
;guadalquivir
Spain; flows thru Andalusia to Altantic; l. 375 m.
;guadiana
forms part of Spanish and Portugese frontier; flows into Bay
of Cadiz; l. 510 m.; Extremadura valley reclamation
scheme in progress.
;guapore
Brazil, S. America; joins the Mamore; l. 900 m.
;gumti
trib. of Ganges, India; flows past Lucknow.
;haine
Belgium, and Nord, France; trib. of R. Scheldt; l. 40 m.
;hamilton
see Churchill R.
;han kiang
Hupeh, China; rises in E. edge of Tibet plateau, flows S.E.
between Tsinling Shan and Tapa Shan into Yangtze-Kiang at Hankow;
upper course crosses fertile Nancheng valley, l. 60 m.,
width 12 m.; lower course interrupted by many deep gorges, especially
below Ankang; ch. trib. of Yangtze-Kiang, l. over 1000 m.
;harlen
NY, USA; and Spuyten Duyvil Creek together form a waterway
c. 8 m. long, extending from East R. to Hudson R., and separates
the bors. Manhattan and Bronx.
;havel
Germany; flowing into R. Elbe (221 m.).
;hawash
Ethiopia, flows E. of Shoa frontier; l. 500 m.
;hawkesbury
NSW, Australia; l. 330 m.
;hay
Alberta, Canada; flowing into G. Slave Lake.
;hell gate
Mont., USA; trib. of Bitter Root R.
;helmund
Afghanistan; falls into L. Hamun; l. 650 m.
;hex
Cape Province, Rep. of S. Africa; rises in Lange Berge, flows S.W.
to Gr. Berg R. at Worcester; valley gives access to Gr. Karroo
and Central African tableland, is used by trunk rly. from Cape
Town to Johannesburg.
;hiawassee
Tenn., USA; trib. of Tenn. R.
;hlaing (rangoon)
Burma; flows to G. of Martaban.
;holston
USA; head of Tenn. R.; flows thru Va. and Tenn.; l. 300 m.
;hooghli (or hughli)
W. branch of R. Ganges, India; flows into Bay of Bengal; Calcutta on
its banInn
traversing Switzerland, the Austrian Tyrol and Bavaria; enters R. Danube
at Passau; the ancient OEnus; l. 320 m.
;horton
N.W. Terr., Canada; flows into Arctic Ocean.
;housatonic
Conn. and Mass., USA; empties into Long Island Sound; l. 150 m.
;hron
C+SSR.; trib. of R. Danube.
;hudson
NY, USA; flows from the Adirondacks to New York Harbour; with valley
of Mowhawk R. makes gr. highway of tr. between Gr. Lakes and New York;
l. 350 m.
;hunter
NSW, Australia; rises in Liverpool Range, Gr. Dividing Range,
flows S. and E. into Tasman Sea at Newcastle; valley of Hunter
and ch. trib. Goulburn lead from Newcastle up to Cassilis Gate
through Gr. Dividing Range to interior; l., approx. 250 m.
;hwai ho (huai ho)
N. China; rises in Tungpeh Shan, flows E. between N. China plain
and lower Yangtze; subject to disasterous floods and changes of
course; since 1950 flood control and irrigation canal to sea.
;hwang ho (yellow r.)
China; rises nr. source of Yangtze-Kiang, Tibet, flows through
N.W. China into G. of Pohai; l. 2600 m.
;idle
Notts, Eng.; trib. to R. Trent.
;iguassu
S. Brazil; famous falls.
;ili
Central Asia; rises in Tien Shan and flows into L.
Balkhash; l. 850 m.
;ill
E. France; rises in Jura Mtns., flows N. through Mulhouse, Colmar,
Strasbourg, enters Rhine 12 m. below Strasbourg; l. 135 m.
;indigirka
Yakut, USSR; flows into Laptev Sea; l. 1100 m.
;indus
W. Pakistan; rises in Tibet, and flows thru Kashmir, Punjab, Sind,
to the Arabian Sea; lemgth 1800 m.; 5 tribs.; Jhelum, Chenab,
Ravi, Beas, Sutlej, one of the world's major R. systems; Indus Waters
irrigation scheme under development.
;inn
traversing Switzerland, the Austrian Tyrol and Bavaria; enters R. Danube
at Passau; the ancient OEnus; l. 320 m.
;irrawaddy
Burma; flows S. to Bay on Bengal; navigable for lge. steamers
900 m.; irrigation wks.; l. 1300 m.
;irtysh
Siberia, USSR; trib. of R. Ob; two-thirds navigable; crossed by Trans-Siberian
Rly. at Omsk; l. 2500 m.
;irwell
S. Lancs, Eng.; flows past Manchester to Mersey; l. 30 m.
;isarco
N. Italy; rises nr. Brenner Pass, flows S. into R. Adige at Bolzano;
used by main rail and road routes from N. Italy to Austria; l. 50 m.
;ise`re
S.E. France; rises in W. Alps (Grande Sassie`re), flows W. into R.
Rho^ne nr. Valence; used to generate hydro-elec.; used, with trib.
R. Arc, by main rly. from France to N. Italy thru Mt. Cenis (Fre'jus)
Tunnel.
;isis
head stream of R. Thames, Eng.; so named until its confluence with
Thames at Dorchester, Oxfordshire.
;isonzo
Illyria, Italy; flows into Adriatic Sea.
;itchen
Hants, Eng.; flows to Southampton Water; l. 25 m.
;jabbok
Syria, trib. of R. Jordan; l. 45 m.
;jacques-cartier
Quebec, Canada; trib. of St. Lawrence.
;jacuhy
S. Brazil; rises in S. edge of Brazillian Plateau, enters Atl. Oc.,
thru lagoon, Logoa dos Patos; l. 350 m.
;jalon
Spain; rises in Iberian Mtns., flows N.E. into R. Ebro nr. Zaragoza;
valley forms main rly., road route from Madrid to Ebro Valley.
;james (or powhattan)
Va., USA; flows from Blue Ridge to Chesapeake Bay; l. 450 m.
;japura
Columbia, Brazil S. America; rising in the Andes of Columbia,
and flowing thru Brazil to R. Amazon; l. 1300 m.
;jarrahi
S.W. Iran; flows into Persian G.
;javari (yavari)
forms bdy. between Peru and Brazil; trib. of R. Amazon.
;jaxartes
see Syr Darya.
;jhelum
W. Punjab, Pakistan; most W. of the five Rs. of the Punjab;
Mangla Dam, under Indus Waters Treaty, completed 1967.
;jo:kulsa
flowing into Axar Fjord, Iceland.
;jordan
famous in Bible history; flowing S. from Anti-Lebanon along
a sinuous course, mostly below sea-level to the Dead Sea,
its rapidly and varying depth render it unnavigable, and no t.
of any importance has ever been built on its banks; l. 120 m.
;juba
E. Africa; flows to Indian Ocean, nr. the Equator.
;jucar
E. Spain; rises in Serrania de Cuenca, flows S.E. to G.
of Valencia, Mediterranean Sea; l. 250 m.
;jumna
N. India; ch. trib. of R. Ganges; rises in the Himalayas
and flows past Delhi and Agra to Allahabad; l. 860 m.
;juniata
Penns., USA; flows to the Susquehanna at Petersburg.
;jurua
trib. of R. Amazon.
;kabul
flowing through Afghanistan to the R. Indus at Peshawar,
Pakistan; l. 270 m.
;kafue
Zambia; famous gorge.
;kama
USSR; trib. of R. Volga, which is joins S. of Kazan;
l. 1400 m.
;kan
S. China; rises in Nan Shan, flows N. into L. Poyang;
valley provides route for main road from Kiangsi prov.
to Kwangtung prov. over Meiling Pass.
;kanawha
W. Va., USA; rises in Allegheny Mtns., flows S.W. to
Hinton, then turns N.W. across Allegheny Plateau into R.
Ohio; lower course runs through ch. mining a. of W. Va.
coalfield nr. Charleston; l. 350 m. approx.
;kasai
Angola and Congo, Central Africa; rises in Bihe' Plateau
(Angola) and flows over 1200 m. into R. Congo 120 m.
above Kinshasa.
;kashgar
E. Turkestan; flowing 500 m. to the R. Yarkand.
;kelvin
Scotland, flows S.W. to Clyde at Partick; l. 21 m.
;ken
N. India, flows to the Jumna; l. 230 m.
;kennebec
Maine, USA; flows to Atlantic; l. 200 m.
;kennet
Wilts and Berks, Eng.; trib. of R. Thames; followed by main
rly. London to W. of England; l. 44 m.
;kentucky
USA; flows from Cuberland Mtns. to the Ohio R.; l. 350 m.
;kern
E. Cal., USA; one of the most impt. power-generating Rs. in st.
;king's 
Cal. USA; flows from Sierra Nevada to L. Tulare.
;kissimee
Fla. USA; flows to L. Okeechobee; l. 90 m.
;klondyke
Yukon, Canada; small trib. of Yukon in gold-mine region.
;kolyma
flows E. into Siberian Sea, RSFSR.
;kootenay (flat bow r.)
trib. of the Columbia R. flowing in Mont., USA, and B.C.;
l. 450 m.
;krishna
S. India; rises in W. Ghats, flows E. across Deccan plateau
into Bay of Bengal; lower valley and delta under intensive
rice cultivation; densely populated; l. 850 m.
;kubango (okovango)
flows from Angola into L. Ngami, Botswana.
;kunene (cunene)
Angola; lower course forms bdy. between Angola and South-West
Africa; c. 750 m.
;kur
Transcaucasia, USSR; flows to Caspian S.; l. 520 m.
;kwanza (cuanza)
Angola, W. Africa; rises in Bihe' and flows to Atlantic;
l. 700 m.
;kzyl orda 
Kazakh SSR; large dam being constructed to irrigate rice
plantations.
;lachlan
NSW, Australia; trib. of R. Murrumbidgee; l. 700 m.
;lagan
N. Ireland; flows into Belfast Lough; l. 35 m.
;lahn
Germany; enters R. Rhine at Koblenz; l. 135 m.
;lark
Cambridge, Eng.; trib. of R. Ouse; l. 26 m.
;lauven
Norway; l. 200 m.
;lea
Eng.; rises in Chiltern Hills nr. Luton, flows E. and S.
into R. Thames; l. 46 m.
;leader water
Scot.; trib. of R. Tweed, which it joins nr. Melrose;
l. 21 m.
;leaf
flowing into Ungava Bay, Labrador, Canada.
;leam
Warwick, Eng.; trib. of R. Avon; l. 25 m.
;lech
Germany; trib. of Danube; 177 m.
;lee
Cork, Ireland; flows past Cork c. to Cork harbour; l. 50 m.
;lehigh
Penns., USA; trib. of Delaware R.; l. 120 m.
;leine
N.W. Germany; trib. of R. Aller; l. 130 m.
;lek
Netherlands; one of the branches of the Neder Rijn; from
Wijk-bij-Duurstede to Krimpen nr. Rotterdam; l. 40 m.
;lena
gr. R., SIberia, RSFSR; rising in mtns. W. of L. Baikal
and flowing N. to the Arctic Ocean; l. 2800 m.
;leyre
S.W. France; l. 40 m.
;leytha (leitha)
Austria; flowing to the Danube below Vienna.
;liao-ho
Liaoning, N.E. China, flows into G. of Liaotung, Yellow Sea;
navigable for last 400 m. of course; l. approx. 1000 m.
;licking
Ky. USA; trib. of Ohio R.; l. 220 m.
;liddel
Boxburgh, Dumfries, Scot.; trib. of R. Esk;
valley used by "Waverley Route" rly. from Carlisle to
Edinburgh.
;lie'vres
Quebec, Canada; trib. of St. Lawrence R.
;liffey
Ireland; flows from Wicklow to Dublin Bay; l. 50 m.
;lika
Jugoslavia; partly underground; l. 30 m.
;limmat
Switzerland; trib. of R. Aar; flows thru c. of Zurich; l. 80 m.
;lippe
Germany; trib. of Rhine; l. 110 m.
;liri
Central Italy; rises in Alban Hills, flows S.E. to Cassino
and then S.W. to G. of Gaeta; valley followed by main road
from Rome to Naples; l. 105 m.
;little colorado
Arizona, USA; trib. of Colorado R.
;little sioux
Iowa, USA; trib. of Missouri; l. 300 m.
;loa
N. Chile.
;lobaye
Congo rep., Eq. Africa.
;loddon
Victoria, Australia; rises in Grampian Mtns., flows N.
into R. Murray at Swan Hill; water used for irrigation
in N. Victoria; l. approx. 200 m.
;loir
France; trib. of R. Sarthe; l. 150 m.
;loire
France; lgst. in cty., flows from Ce'vennes Mtns. to Atlantic; l. 625 m.
;loughor
Glamorgan, S. Wales; rises in Black Mtns., flows S.W. into
Bristol Channel; lower valley submerged to form estuary, l. 8 m.,
width 4 m., around which cluster steel-wks. and zinc refineries
of Llanelly, Bynea, Gorseinon, Gowerton, etc.
;lualaba
Congo, Central Africa; rises nr. Elisabethville in Katanga prov.,
flows N. approx. 500 m. to Kikondja, where joined by R. Lufira
to form R. Congo; name also applied to main stream of R. Congo
as far downstream as Ponthierville.
;lug
trib. of R. Wye, Hereford, Eng.
;lune
Lancs and Westmorland, Eng.; flows 45 m. to Irish Sea.
;lynher
Cornwall, Eng.; l. 26 m.
;lyon
Perth, Scot.; trib. of R. Tay; l. 38 m.
;lys
Belgium and France, trib. of R. Scheldt; l. 100 m.
;maas
Dutch name for the R. Meuse after it has entered the Netherlands.
;macintyre
NSW, Australia; forms border between NSW and Queensland; trib.
of R. Darling; l. 350 m.
;mackenzie
N.W. Terr., Canada; rises in Rocky Mtns. as Athabaska R. and
flows into L. Athabaska, leaves as Slave R. and thence into Gr.
Slave L., which it leaves as M. R. into Beaufort Sea; l. 2350 m.
;macmillan
N.W. Terr.,Canada; trib. of Yukon R.
;macquarie
NSW, Australia; trib. of R. Darling; l. 350 m.
;madawaska
Ontario, Canada; trib. of Ottawa R.; l. 230 m.
;madeira
Brazil; trib. of R. Amazon; toof
Baie Comeau where there is dam and hydroelec. plant; l. 300 m.
;madre de dios
Bolivia; trib. of R. Madeira; rises in Peru.
;magdalena
Columbia; l. 1000 m.
;mahanadi
India; flows from Orissa to Bay of Bengal; l. 520 m.
;main
Germany; trib. of R. Rhine; 1304 m.
;maine
France; formed by junction of the Sarthe and Mayenne, flows 7 m.
to R. Loire at Angers.
;mamore (or rio grande)
Bolivia; trib. of R. Beni; l. 500 m.
;mana
Fr. Guiana, S. America; 175 m.
;manicouagan
Canada; flows S. from Quebec prov. to St. Lawrence, S.W. of
Baie Comeau where there is dam and hydroelec. plant; l. 300 m.
;manych
USSR; trib. of R. Don; l. 300 m.; canal is being built
through R. to the Caspian to provide thru connection with Black Sea.
;manzanares
Spain; trib. of R. Jarama.
;maran~on
see Amazon R.
;maritsa
Bulgaria and Greece; l. 260 m.
;marne
Central France; rises in Plateau de Langres, flows N.W. and W.
across Champagne Humide, Champagne Pouilleuse and Beauce,
joins R. Seine just above Paris; with Marne-Rhine and Marne-Sao^ne
Canals it forms impt. inland waterway linking Seine with Rhine
and Rho^ne valleys; l. (approx.) 325 m.
;maros
Hungary; trib. of R. Theiss; l. 400 m.
;maumee
Ind., USA; flows to L. Erie; l. 180 m.
;mawddach
R., estuary, Merioneth, Wales; 19 m.
;maxcala
S. Mexico; flows into Pacific; l. 500 m.
;mayenne
Frace; trib. of R. Sarthe; 125 m.
;medvedista
USSR; trib. of R. Don; l. 330 m.
;medway
Kent, Eng.; l. 70 m.; Medway Bridge (part of London-Dover motorway)
completed 1962.
;mekong
S.E. Asia; rises in Tibet and separates Laos and Siam; l. 2800 m.
;menam
W. Thailand, l. 750 m.
;menderes
Anatolia, Turkey; l. 200 m.
;merrimac
N.H. and Mass., USA.
;mersey
R. between Lancs and Cheshire, Eng.; enters Irish
Sea by fine estuary at Liverpool; l. 68 m.
;mesta
Bulgaria, Greece; rises in Rhodope Mtns., flows S.E.
into Aegean Sea at 15 m. E. of Kava'lla; valley famous for
tobacco; kown in Greece as Nestos; approx. l. 175 m.
;mesurado
Liberia, Africa; 300 m. long.
;meta
Columbia and Venuzuela; navigable for 400 m.;
trib. of Orinoco; l. 750 m.
;meurthe
France; l. 70 m.
;meuse (maas)
France; rises in Haute-Marne, flows past Verdun into Belgium
past Namur and Lie'ge into the Netherlands and joins the Waal,
left arm of the Rhine; l. 570 m.
;michipicoten
Ontario, Canada; flows 125 m. to L. Superior.
;milk
Mont., USA; trib. of Missouri R.; l. 500 m.
;mincio
Italy; trib. of R. Po; drains L. Garda; l. 38 m.
;minho
separates Portugal from Spain in N.W.; l. 170 m.
;minnick, water of
Ayr and Kirkcudbright, Scot.; trib. of R. Cree; l. 15 m.
;mississinewa
Ind., USA; trib. of Wabash R.; l. 140 m.
;mississippi
USA; l. c. 2350 m. (Mississippi-Missouri-Red Rock, c. 3860 m.).
;missouri
USA; trib. of Mississippi R.; l. (including the Madison)
3047 m., navigable 2400 m.
;missouri, little
USA; trib. of M. R.; l. 450 m.
;mitchell
Queensland, Australia; flows into G. of Carpintaria.
;modder
C. Prov., S. Africa; trib. of Orange R.
;mohawk
NY, USA; trib. of Hudson R.; followed by impt. road, rly. and
canal routes across Appalachian Mtns.; l. 175 m.
;moisie
Labrador, Canada; flows S. into G. of St. Lawrence.
;mokau
S.I., N.Z.
;mole
Surrey, Eng.; rises in central Weald, flows N. into R. Thames
nr. Molesey; cuts impt. gap thru N. Downs between Dorking
and Leatherhead; l. approx. 50 m.
;mondego
Portugal; l. 130 m.
;monnow
Monmouth and Hereford, Eng.; trib. of R. Wye; l. 28 m.
;monongahela
W. Va., USA; joins Allegheny R. at Pittsburib. of R. Oka; l. 249 m.
;mouse (or souris)
Canada and USA; trib. of Assiniboine R.; l. 500 m.
;moy
Mayo and Sligo, Ireland; l. 35 m.
;mulde
Germany; trib. of R. Elbe; l. 130 m.
;muonio
part of bdy. between Finland and Sweden; flows into G. of Bothnia.
;mur
Austria; trib. of R. Drava; l. 250 m.
;murchison
W. Australia; l. 800 m.
;murg
Germany; trib. of R. Rhine; l. 40 m.
;murgab (or murghab)
Afghanistan; flows 250 m. to desert swamps.
;murray
separates NSW and Victoria, Australia; lgst. R.slavia; flowing 140 m. to Adriatic.
;murrumbidgee
NSW, Australia; trib. of R. Murray; l. 1350 m.
;muskingum
Ohio, USA; trib. of Ohio R.; l. 240 m.
;mussel shell
Mont., USA; trib. of Missouri R.
;mzombe
Kenya; trib. of Ruaha R.; l. 110 m.
;mzymta
USSR; flows to Black Sea; l. 80 m.
;naab
Bavaria, Germany; joins R. Danube nr. Ratisbon; l. 90 m.
;nahe
Germany, flows 60 m. to R. Rhine, nr. Bingen.
;namoi
NSW, Australia; trib. of Darling R.; 270 m.
;napo
Ecuador; trib. of Amazon; l. 800 m.
;narada
Central India; flowing W. thru Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat to G. of
Cambay; l. 800 m.
;narenta
Jugoslavia; flowing 140 m. to Adriatic.
;narew
Poland; flows to R. Bug, nr. Warsaw; l. 200 m.
;nebraska
trib. of Missouri R., USA.
;neckar
Germany; rising between the Swabian Jura, nr. Schwenningen,
and the Black Forest; thru Wu:rttemberg-Baden to the Rhine at
Mannheim; l. 240 m.
;neder rijn
Netherlands; more northerly of two branches of main Rijn; l. 40 m.
;negro rio
Argentina; flows into G. of St. Mathiurisches Haff; l. 500 m.
;negro, rio
Brazil, Colombia, S. America; one of the ch. tribs. of R. Amazon;
rises in Colombia, joins the Amazon in N. Brazil.
;neisse (or nisa)
tribs. of R. Oder, (1) Western Neisse, now frontier between
Poland and Germany to Czechoslovakia frontier, (2) Eastern Neisse
in E. Silesia.
;nelson
Canada; drains L. Winnipeg to Hudson Bay; l. (with its gr.
trib. the Saskatchewan) 1450 m.
;nemunas
USSR; flowing to the Kurisches Haff, S.E. Kaliningrad; l. 50 m.
;nene
Northants, Eng.; rises nr. Naseby and flows 90 m. to the Wash.
;neosho
Kan., USA; trib. of Arkansas R.; l. 450 m.
;nestos
see Mesta.
;neuces
Texas, USA; flows to G. of Mexico; l. 400 m.
;neuse
N.C., USA; flows to Pamlico Sound; l. 300 m.
;neva
RSFSR; drains L. Ladoga S.W. via Leningrad to G. of Finland;
40 m. long.
;niagra
forming part of bdy. between Canada and USA; flows from L. Erie
to L. Ontario; has rapids and the famous falls (167 ft.);
gr. hydro-elec. power-sta.; l. 35 m.
;nidd
trib. of R. Ouse, W.R. Yorks, Eng.
;nieman (or memel)
Poland and USSR; flowing to the Kurisches Haff; l. 500 m.
;niger
gr. R., W. Africa; rises nr. sea in outer mtn.
zone of W. Africa, as R. Tembi, and sweeps round by
Timbuktu to a delta in the G. of Guinea, on a circuitous course
of 2600 m., receiving its gr. trib. the R. Benue, about 250 m.
from the mouth; navigable for 1000 m.
;nile
the longest R. in the world (see White Nile (Bahr-el-Abiad)
and Blue Nile (Bahr-el-Azrek)); flows thru a longer stretch of
basin (over 2450 m. in a direct line) than any other R.
in the world, and along all its windings measures 4145 m.;
on Upper Nile navigation is hindered by sudd (floating vegetation);
R. rises April, overflows Sept.; formerly cultivation entirely
dependent on annual floods, but now assisted by dams, at Asyu^t,
Aswan, Sennar, for regulating flow and navigation; first stage
of Aswan High Dam completed 1964 when Nile waters were diverted.
;niobrara
USA; trib. of Missouri R.; flows from Wyoming to Nebraska; l. 450 m.
;nis+ava
Jugoslavia; rises in Stara Planina, flows N.W. into R. Morava
nr. Nis; valley used by trunk rly. from Belgrade to Sofia
and Istambul (Constantinople); l. over 100 m.
;nith
S.W. Scot.; flows to Solway Firth, S. of Dumfries;
followed by main rly. from Carlisle to Kilmarnock and Glasgow;
l. 71 m.
;nitra (neutra)
C+SSR; trib. of R. Waag; l. 100 m.
;nore
Ireland; trib. of R. Barrow; l. 70 m.
;north platte
rises N. Colorado, flows 680 m. thru Wyoming, across W. Nebraska
to join S. Platte at c. of North Platte; extensive power and
irrigation developments.
;north river
Kwangtung, S. China; rises in Nan Ling Mtns., flows S. into Canton
delta; l. 300 m.
;notec (netze)
Poland; trib. of R. Warta; 140 m.
;nun
Inner Mongolia, Heilungkiang, N. China; trib. of Sungari;
l. 500 m.
;ob
W. Siberia, USSR; flows from the Altai Mtns. to the G. of Ob;
l. (with trib. R. Irtish) 2600 m.
;ockmulgee
Ga., USA; trib. of Altamaha R.; l. 280 m.
;oconee
Ga., USA; joins the Ockmulgee; l. 250 m.
;oder (or odra)
Central Europe; flowing from Moravia to Baltic thru
Polish Silesia, forming (since 1945) frontier between Poland
and Germany, flows past Wroclaw (Breslau), Frankfurt and
Szczecin (Stettin); l. 560 m.
;ogeechee
Ga., USA; flows to Atlantic, S. of Savannah; l. 200 m.
;oglio
Italy; traverses L. Iseo; flows to the Po; l. 135 m.
;ogowe
Gaboon, Africa; l. 750 m.
;ohio
USA; trib. of Mississippi R.; formed in Penns., by the junction
of the Monongahela and Allegheny Rs. at Pittsburgh, thence navigable
for 975 m. to Cairo in Kentucky, 1200 m. from the mouth of
the Mississippi R.
;ohre (eger)
Bohemia, Czechoslovakia; rises in Fichtelgebirge, flows N.E.
into Labe (Elbe) at Litome+rice; flows thru several sm. lignite fields,
spas of Karlovy Vary (Karlsbad); l. 140 m.
;oise
trib. of R. Siene, France; canalised, navigable to Chauny;
l. 186 m.
;oka
Siberia, USSR; trib. of R. Angora; l. 500 m.
;okanagan
R. and L., B.C., Canada; fruit-growing dist.
;olenek
Ukranian SSR; flows W. of the Lena, into Laptev Sea, Arctic Ocean;
l. 800 m.
;olifant
Transvaal, S. Africa; trib. of Limpopo.
;olt
Romania; joins R. Danube ar Nikopol.
;onega
RSFSR; flows to G. of Onega; l. 400 m.
;orange
Cape Province, S. Africa; flows from Basoutoland (Lesotho) to the Atlantic;
part froms S. bdy. between Cape Province and Orange Free State;
l. 1300 m.
;orinoco
Venezuela; rises Parima Mtns., flows circuitously to Atlantic
opposite Trinidad; its trib., the Cassiquiare, connects it with
the Rio Negro and the Amazon; l. 1480 m.
;orontes
Lebanon, Syria, Turkey; rises in Lebanon Mtns., flows N. in deep
trench between Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon Mtns. to Plain of
Antioch (Antakya), then turns W. and breaks thru mtns.
to Mediterranean Sea; upper valley above Hama forms cultivated
belt, width 10 m., used by Aleppo-Beirut rly.; middle valley is
marshy; lower valley and Plain of Antioch intensively cultivated,
mulberry, citrus and hard fruits, grain; l. over 400 m.
;orwell
Suffolk, Eng.; estuary of R. Gipping; runs from Ipswich to Harwich.
;ottawa
Canada; trib. of St. Lawrence, forming bdy. between Ontario
and Quebec; l. 625 m.
;ouachita (washita)
Arkansas, USA; trib. of Red R.; l. 550 m.
;ourthe
Belgium; trib. of R. Meuse; l. 90 m.
;ouse
Yorks, Eng.; formed by Rs. Swale and Ure, flows to Humber estuary;
l. 130 m.
;ouse (or great ouse)
Norfolk, Eng.; flows N.E. to the Wash; l. 156 m.
;owyhee
Ore., USA; trib. of Snake R.; l. 350 m.
;oxus
see Amu Darya.
;pachitea
Peru, S. America; rises in Andes, flows N. to R. Ucayali; sm.
German immigrant colonies in upper valley; l. 320 m.
;pai
Hopeh, China; unites with Yungting R. Huto R., and flows to G.
of Chihli; l. 300 m.
;para'iba
S. Brazil; rising in Sa~o Paulo st., and flowing between
Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais to the Atlantic N.E. of Rio de J.;
l. 658 m.
;paraguay
S. America; rises in Plateau of Mato Grosso, flows S.
and joins R. Parana' nr. Corrientes; forms bdy. between
Brazil and Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay; approx. l. 1200 m.
;parana'
Brazil; formed by junction of Rs. Rio Grande and Parnaiba;
flows W. between Paraguay and Argentina; flows into Rio de la
Plata; navigable to Brazil frontier nr. Iguassu' Falls; l. 2000 m.
;parnaiba
rises in Brazil, flows into N. Atlantic Ocean, forms bdy.
between Maranha~o and Piaui; l. 750 m.
;parrett
Somerset, Eng.; flows to Bristol Channel, nr. Bridgewater;
l. 35 m.
;passaic
N.J., USA; flows 100 m. to Newark Bay.
;patia
Columbia; gold, platinum found.
;peace
Canada; rises in Rocky Mtns., and flows to L. Athabaska; l. 1000 m.
;pearl
see Chu Kiang.
;pechora
flowing into Arctic Ocean, RSFSR; 1000 m. long, 700 m. navigable.
;pecos
N.M. and Texas, USA; trib. of Rio Grande; l. 764 m.
;pelly
trib. of R. Yukon, N.W. Terr., Canada.
;pesquilerto
trib. of Rio Grande del Norte, Mexico.
;petit morin
France; trib. of R. Marne.
;piave
N.E. Italy; flows to Adriatic; l. 125 m.
;pilcomayo
rising in S. Bolivia, and flowing thru the Gran Chaco,
separates W. Paraguay from Argentina; trib. of the Paraguay;
l. 1400 m.
;pinios
Greece; flows into G. of Thessaloniki.
;plate (or rio de la plata)
estuary of the Rs. Parana' and Uruguay flowing to the Atlantic 
between Argentina and Uruguay, l. 170 m.; width at head 25 m.,
at mouth 138 m.
;po
Italy; flows from Monte Viso, thru Piedmont and Lombardy
to the Adriatic; l. 340 m.; natural gas deposits Po valley.
;portuguesa
Venezuela, trib. of R. Apure; l. 200 m.
;potomac
USA; dividing Virginia from Manyland; flowing past Washington
to Chesapeake Bay; l. 400 m.
;prahova
Walachia, Romania; rises in Transylvanian Alps, flows S. thru
impt. Ploesti oilfield into R. Ialomita; l. approx. 110 m.
;pregel
Poland; flows to Friches Haff, nr. Kaliningrad; l. 125 m.
;pripet (pripyat)
Byelorussian SSR; trib. of R. Dnieper; l. 350 m.
;prosna
Poland; trib. of R. Warta; l. 120 m.
;prut
flows between Romania and Bessarabia from the Carpathian Mtns.
to the Black Sea; l. 360 m.
;psei
USSR; flows to the R. Dnieper at Kremenchug; l. 300 m.
;puru's
Peru; trib. of Amazon; 1400 m.
;putumayo
Ecuador; trib. of R. Amazon; l. 700 m.
;quinto
Argentina; flows S.E. from the Sierra de San Luis and becomes
lost in a morass; l. 250 m.
;quorra
Africa; one of the names given to the R. Niger; below Timbuktu.
;rahad
Sudan; trib. of Blue Nile.
;ramgunga
India; trib. of R. Ganges, which it joins nr. Cawnpore;
l. 300 m.
;rance
Brittany, France; world's first major tidal hydro-elec. sta. (opened 1966).
;rangitaiki
N.I., N.Z.; flows N. into Bay of Plenty.
;ravi
Punjab, India; trib. of the Chenab; used for irrigation;
l. 450 m.
;red
of the N., USA; rises in Minnesota and flows N.,
separating N. Daktoa and Minnesota, USA, anly by the Maas); famous for its
beauty, especially between Bonn and Bingen; ch. falls at
Schaffhausen; once a natural barrier between E. and W. Europe,
the Rhine is now spanned by 30 rly. bridges, and its
navigation declared free in 1868; l. 800 m.
;red deer
trib. of Saskatchewan R., Alberta, Canada.
;rede
Northumberland, Eng.; trib. of R. Tyne.
;republican fork (or pawnee)
trib. of Kansas R., Col., USA; l. 550 m.
;reuss
Switzerland; flows N. from the St. Gotthard Pass thru
L. Lucerne, joining Aar R. nr. Brugg; l. 98 m.
;rhine
rises in Switzerland, can. Grisons, passes thru L.
Constance, skirts Baden, traverses Hesse, Rhineland,
and the Neth., flowing to N. Sea by two arms, Oude Pijn and the Waal
(the latter discharging finally by the Maas); famous for its
beauty, especially between Bonn and Bingen; ch. falls at
Schaffhausen; once a natural barrier between E. and W. Europe,
the Rhine is now spanned by 30 rly. bridges, and its
navigation declared free in 1868; l. 800 m.
;rho^ne
Switzerland and France; rising in the Rho^ne glacier
of the St. Gotthard mtn. gr., and flowing thru the L.
of Geneva and E. France to the G. of Lyons in the 
Mediterranean; l. 507 m.; power stas. at Sion
and Geneva; canals, dams, locks and power stas. form
part of French Rho^ne Valley project (1937-72).
;ribble
Yorks and Lancs, Eng.; followed by main rly. route
Leeds to Carlisle; l. 75 m.
;richelieu (or chambly)
Quebec, Canada; flows from L. Champlain to the St. Lawrence
R. at L. St. Peter; l. 80 m.
;rimac
Lima dep., Peru, S. America; rises in W. cordillera of
Andes and flows W. to Pac. Oc.; provides water for irrigation
and for c. of Lima; l. 75 m.
;rio branco
N. Brazilm L. Huron thru L. of St. Clair into L. Erie;
forms bdy. between Michigan, USA, and Ontario, Canada; impt. link
in Gr. Lakes waterway; l. 85 m., depth dredged to 20 ft.
;rio das mortes
Brazil; trib. of the Araguay; l. 500 m.
;rio de la plata
see Plate R.
;rio de san juan
Utah, N.M., and Col., USA; l. 350 m.
;rio dulce
Santiago st., Argentina; l. 400 m.
;rio grande
headstream of the R. Parana', Brazil.
;rio grande de santiago
Mexico; flows into the Pacific.
;rio grande del norte
flows from Col. thru N.M., USA, to G. of Mexico;
forms bdy. between Texas, USA, and Mexico; l. 1800 m.
;rio negro
Argentina; rises in the Andes, and flows thru the terr.
of Rio Negro to the Atlantic; l. 650 m.
;rio salada
Argentina; rises in the Andes, and flows S.E. to
R. Parana', at Buenos Aires; l. 1000 m.
;rion
Georgian SSR; flows from Caucasus to Black Sea;
lower half navig.; hydro-elec. sta. at Kutais. (In Greek
mythology the R. Phasis of the Argonauts.)
;roanoak
Va. and N.C., USA; flows into Albemarle Sound; l. 230 m.
;roch
Lancs, Eng.; rises in E. of Rossendale
Fells, central Pennines, flows S.W. into R. Irwell
nr. Bury; with R. Calder provides relatively easy route
across Pennines from Leeds to Manchester; used by rail, road, canal;
l. approx. 20 m.
;roosevelt
trib. of Madeirj R., Brazil.
;roper
N.E. Nothern Terr., Australia; navigable for about 90 m. inland.
;rother
Sussex and Kent, Eng.; rises in the Weald, flows S.E.
into English Channel at Rye; l. 31 m.
;rubicon
Central Italy, flowing to the Adriatic, crossed by Julius Caesar
and his armies in 40 B.C. Has been identified with the Fiumicino
or the Uso. There is a R. Rubicon (It. Rubico) a few
m. N. of Rimini and S. of Servia.
;rufiji
Tanzania, E. Africa;
flows to the Indian Ocean; l. 450 m.
;rupert
Canada; flows from L. Mistassini to James Bay; l. 300 m.
;sa+o francisco
Brazil; flows from Mina Gerais prov., to Atlantic; navigable
for 150 m. below cataract of Paulo Afonso; l. 1600 m.
;saale
Halle and Gera, Germany; trib. of R. Elbe; l. 225 m.
;saane
Switzerland; flows toR. Aar, nr. Berne; l. 65 m.
;saar
Lorraine, Saarland, Palatinate; rises in the Vosges and flows N.W.
to Moselle, nr. Trier; l. 153 m.
;sabine
Texas and La., USA; flows thru S. Lake (an expansion of
the R. 18 m. long) to G. of Mexico; l. 500 m.
;saco
USA; flows from White Mtns. in N.H. to Saco B., Mne.; 160 m. long.
;saguenay
Quebec, Canada; l. from L. St. John to St. Lawrence R. about 100 m.;
of gr. depth, beautiful scenery; hydro-elec. power developed.
;sakmara
RSFSR; rises in Ural Mtns., trib. of R. Ural; l. 350 m.
;saladillo
N. Argentinaky Mtns., thru L. Winnipeg and thence by R. Nelson
to Hudson Bay; l. 1450 m.
;salado rio
Argentina; trib. of R. Parana'; l. 1000 m.
;salado, rio
Mexico; trib. of Rio del Norte.
;salinas
Cal., USA; rises in US Coast Range, flows N.W. into Bay of
Monterey, Pac. Oc.; fertile valley floor irrigated to produce hard
and stone fruits, mkt.-garden produce (especially lettuce), alfalfa;
l. 140 m.
;salmon
Idaho, USA; trib. of Snake R.; l. 450 m.
;salt
Arizona, USA; rises in Col. Plateau, flows W. into Gila R. 20 m.
below Phoenix; l. 240 m. See also Roosevelt Dam.
;salt fork
Okla., USA; trib. of Arkansas R.
;salween
Burma; rises in Tibet, flows S. to G. of Martaban; many rapids;
l. 1800 m.
;salzach
Austria; trib. of R. Inn; l. 130 m.
;sambre
Belgium and N.E. France; trib. of R. Meuse at Namur; l. 110 m.
;san
S.E. Poland; trib. of R. Vistula; bdy. between Poland and Ukraine.
;san juan
Central America; divides Nicaragua and Costa Rica; plans made for its
canalisation, which would give both countries a clear waterway
from Caribbean to Pacific; l. 90 m.
;sanga
trib. of Congo R., Equatorial Africa.
;sankuru
trib. of Kasai R., Congo, Central Africa.
;sao^ne
France; rises in Vosges, and flows to R. Rho^ne at Lyons; l. 282 m.
;sark
forms extreme W. bdy. between Scot. and Eng.
;sarthe
France; trib. of R. Loire; l. 165 m.
;saskatchewan
Canada; flows from Rocky Mtns., thru L. Winnipeg and thence by R. Nelson
to Hudson Bay; l. 1450 m.
;sava (or save)
N. Jugoslavia; trib. of Danube; l. 550 m.
;savannah
USA; flows between Ga. and S.C. to Atl. Oc.; l. 450 m.
;schelde (scheldt)
France, Neth. and Belgium; rises in Aisne, France, flows to N. Sea; 248 m.
;schuylkill
Penns., USA; flows into Delaware R.; l. 130 m.
;scioto
Ohio, USA; joins Ohio at Portsmouth; l. 250 m.
;segre
Le'rida, N.E. Spain; rises in E. Pyrenees, flows S.W. into R.
Ebro; water irrigates the a. around Lerida, the lgst. block
of irrigated land in Spain; l. approx. 170 m.
;segura
Spain; flows to Mediterranean at Guardamar; 180 m.
;seim
Ukranian SSR; trib. of R. Desna; l. 300 m.
;seine
France; rising in Co^te d'Or dep., and flowing past Paris
and Rouen to English Channel at Havre; l. 473 m.
;sele
S. Italy; rises in S. Apennines, flows W. into G. of Salerno;
headwaters now carried E. thru gr. Apennine tunnel (7 m.)
to irrigate plateau of Apulia in S.E. Italy.
;selenga
Mongolia and Siberia; flows into L. Baikal; l. 750 m.
;senegal
W. Africa; flowing from Kong Mtns. W. and N.W. to Atlantic
at St. Louis, above Cape Verde; l. 1000 m.
;sereth
Romania; trib. of R. Danube; l. 290 m.
;severn
W. of Eng. and N. Wales; rises in Montgomery and flows
to Bristol Channel; l. 200 m.; suspension bridge
at estuary opened 1966.
;shannon
Ireland; separating Connaught from provs. of Leinster and
Munster, and flowing to Atlantic at Loop Head; l. 224 m.
;shari
Mali, W. Africa; flows from the S. to L. Chad; navigable for
greater part of course; l. 70 m.
;shatt-al-arab
Iraq; formed by union of Tigris and Euphrates, flows thence
to head of Persian G.; l. 120 m.
;sheaf
W.R., Yorks, Eng.; rises in S.E. Pennines, flows N.E. to join
R. Don at Sheffield; for last 2 m. narrow valley crowded with smaller
factories of Sheffield; valley provides main route to S. (Chesterfield)
and S.W. (Manchester via Tolley); l. 11 m.
;shenandoah
Va., USA; trib. of Potomac R.
;sheyenne
Dakota, USA; trib. of Red R.; l. 325 m.
;shilka
E. Siberia, RSFSR; trib. of R. Amur; l. 760 m.
;shire
flows from L. Malawi to R. Zambesi; on it are the famous Murchison
Falls, up to which the R. is navigable; l. 380 m.
;si kiang
ch. R., S. China; headstreams rise in Yunnan plateau, form main R.
nr. Sunchow; R. then flows E., enters S. China Sea thru large
delta nr. Hong Kong;Lower valley intensively cultivated, rice sugar-cane,
tea; tropical climate permits continuous cultivation of most crops
throughout the year; valley very densely populated.
;simeto
Sicily, Italy; rises in central Sicily, flows E. across plain
of Catania into Mediterranean; lower course bordered by malarial
marshes; l. 54 m.
;sittang
Burma; rises in Pegu Yoma, flows S., enters G. of Martaban, Adaman Sea
thru delta; valley intensively cultivated, rice; delta forested; l. 
610 m.
;skeena
B.C., Canada; rises in N. Rocky Mtns., flows S.W. to Pac. Oc.
at Prince Rupert; lower valley used by Canadian National Rly.
from Edmonton (Alberta) to Prince Rupert via Yellowhead Pass;
l. approx. 400 m.
;slave
N.W. Terr., Canada; flows into Gr. Slave Lake.
;smoky hill
Col., Kan., USA; trib. of Kansas R.;
l. 400 m.
;snake (or lewis fork)
trib. of Columbia R., flows from Wyo. to Wash., USA; l. 1050 m.
;snowy
NSW and Vic., Australia; rises in Mt. Kosciusko, flows S. into Bass 
Strait 80 m. of C. Howe; l. 220 m.; Snowy Mtns. project (1950-75)
to provide hydro-elec. power and irrigation.
;soar
Leicester, Nottingham, Eng.; rises in uplands of S. Leics, flows
N.W. thru Leicester, Loughborough, into R. Trent nr. Long
Eaton; hosiery and knitwear inds. in lower valley; 43 m. long.
;sobat
Sudan, N.E. Africa; rises in S.W. of Abyssinian Highlands,
flows N.W. into R. Nile 80 m. below L. No; one of ch. sources
of Nile flood-water; Abyssinia receives monsoon rains
April to Oct., max. discharge into White Nile, Nov. and Dec.;
l. over 500 m.
;somme
France; flows in deps. Aisne and Somme to
English Channel; l. 116 m.
;song-koi (red r.)
rises in Yunnan plateau, S.W. China, flows S.E. thru N. Vietnam,
enter G. of Tongking; Hanoi is nr. head of delta; Haiphong
nr. one of R. mouths; lower valley densely populated and
heavily cultivated; l. approx. 800 m.
;sozh
Ukranian SSR; trib. of R. Dnieper; l. 240 m.
;spey
Inverness, Moray, and Banff, the most rapid in Scot., flows N.E.
to Moray Firth; l. 107 m.
;spokane
Idaho, USA; flows to the R. Columbia at Washington; l. 120 m.
;spree
E. Germany; flowing W. past Berlin to the Havel
at Spandau; l. 227 m.
;st. clair
N. America; flows from L. Huron thru L. of St. Clair into L. Erie;
forms bdy. between Michigan, USA, and Ontario, Canada; impt. link
in Gr. Lakes waterway; l. 85 m., depth dredged to 20 ft.
;st. croix
Wis., USA; trib. of Mississippi; l. 200 m.
;st. francis
Mo., USA; trib. of Mississippi; forms bdy. of Ark.; l. 450 m.
;st. john
N.B., Canada; flows to Bay of Fundy; l. 450 m.
;st. johns
Fla., USA; flows to Atlantic; l. 350 m.
;st. lawrence
gr. R. of N. America; l. from the source of its headstream, the
St. Louis, 2100 m.; forms the outlet of the great lakes (Superior,
Michigan, Huron, Erie and Ontario) and the bdy. between the st. of
NY, USA, and Ontario, Canada; ch. tribs.: Ottawa, Richelieu, St.
Maurice, Saguenay.
;st. maurice
Quebec, Canada; trib. of St. Lawrence R.; hydro-elec. power
developed; l. 400 m.
;st. paul
Liberia; flows to the Atlantic nr. Monrovia; l. 300 m.
;stanislaus
Cal., USA; trib. of the San Joaquin R.; l. 200 m.
;stewart
trib. of R. Yukon, N.W. Terr., Canada.
;stinchar
Ayr, Scot.; flows W. to sea at Ballantrae; l. 30 m.
;stour
Suffolk and Essex, Eng.; flows E. to sea at Harwich; l. 42 m.
;strawberry
Utah, USA; on  E. slopes of Wasatch Mtns. 80 m. S.E. of Salt
Lake City; dammed to supply irrigation water, led thru 3.5 m.
tunnel under Wasatch Mtns. to 100 sq. m. cultivable land round
L. Utah.
;stryj
Poland; trib. of R. Dniester.
;styr
Poland; trib. of R. Prypei (Pripet); l. 250 m.
;suir
Ireland; flows E. to Waterford Harbour.
;sunday
Cape Prov., S. Africa; flows into Algoa Bay; 200 m. long.
;sungari
N. China; trib. of R. Amur; inc. the Nonni, l. over 1000 m.
;surinam
Neth. Guiana, S. America; flows N. to Atlantic Ocean nr.
Paramaribo; l. 300 m.
;sus
S. prov. Morocco, N. Africa; flowing to the Atlantic nr. Agadir;
l. 130 m.
;susquehenna
NY, Penns., Md., USA; flows to Chesapeake Bay thru highly
industl. a.; routeway, W. from Philadelphia and Baltimore across
Appalachian Mtns.; l. 422 m.
;sutlej
W. Pakistan;Rises in the Himalayas and flows to the
R. Indus; used for large-scale irrigation; l. 1000 m.
;suwannee
Fla., Ga., USA; flows to G. of Mexico; known as "Swanee River";
l. 250 m.
;svir
USSR; flowing between L. Onega and L. Ladoga; l. 125 m.
;swale
N.R. Yorks, Eng.; joins R. Ure to form R. Ouse; l. 60 m.
;swan
W. Australia; flows to Indian Ocean nr. Perth.
;syr darya
Kazakhstan, USSR; flowing into Aral Sea.
;t in e. carpathians, flows n.w.
to Cop, thence S. across flat, agr. plain to Gr. Arfo:ld into
R. Danube 45 m. below Novi Sad; approx. l. 600 m.;
navigable in part.
;taff
Glamorgan, Brecknock, Wales; rises in Brecon Beacons, flows S.E.
across coalfield to Bristol Channel at Cardiff; l. 40 m.
;tagliamento
N.E. Italy; rises in Carnic Alps, flows S. into Adriatic (G. of Venice);
valley used by rly. from Venice to Vienna via Semmering Pass;
l. 100 m.
;tagus
Spain and Portugal; flows W. across Meseta to Atlantic at Lisbon;
l. 540 m.
;tallahatchee
trib. of Miss., USA; flows S.W. and becomes R. Yazoo; l. 240 m.
;tamar
Tasmania, Australia; formed at confluence of North Esk and South Esk
at Launceston, flows into Bass Strait nr. Georgetown.
;tampico
Mexico; flows to G. of Mexico; l. 200 m.
;tana
forms part of bdy. between Finland and Norway, flows into Arctic Ocean.
;tanaro
N. Italy; trib. of R. Po; 125 m. long.
;tapajo'z
trib. of R. Amazon.
;tapti
W. India; flows W. to G. of Cambay at Surat from Betul dist.,
Madhya Pradesh; l. 450 m.
;taquari
Brazil; trib. of R. Paraguay; l. 400 m.
;tara
Siberia, RSFSR; trib. of R. Irtysh; l. 200 m.
;tarn
France; trib. of R. Garonne; has famous rocky
gorge 31 m. long in its upper course; l. 235 m.
;tauber
Germany; trib. of R. Main; l. 74 m.
;tavy
Devon, Eng.; trib. of R. Tamar; l. 20 m.
;taw
Devon, Eng.; flows from Dartmoor to Barnstaple Bay; l. 50 m.
;tay
Scot.; flows S.E. from Loch Tay in Perth to the Firth of Tay;
longest R. in Scotland.
;taz
Siberia, RSFSR; flows to Bay of Tazovsk in G. of Obi; l. 300 m.
;tedzhen
Turkmen and N. Persia; flowing into Hari-Rud.
;tees
N. Eng.; flows E. from Pennines to N. Sea between Yorks and Durham;
l. 70 m.
;teffe
Brazil; trib. of R. Amazon; l. 500 m.
;teifi
S.W. Wales; rises in Cambrian Mtns. nr. Strata Florida,
flows S.W. and W. into Cardigan Bay 14 m. N.E. of Fishguard;
forms bdy. between Cardigan and Carmarthen, Cardigan and Pembroke;
sm. flannel ind. in ts. and vils. in lower valley; l. 94 m.
;teign
Devon, Eng.; flows to sea at Teignmouth from Dartmoor; l. 30 m.
;teme
on border of Wales and Worcester, Eng.; trib. of R. Severn; l. 70 m.
;temes
S.W. Romania; flows to R. Danube, nr. Belgrade; l. 180 m.
;tennessee
Tenn., Ky., USA; lgst. and most impt. branch of the Ohio;
its valley once liable to flooding, now controlled by dams,
and land improved by the Tennessee Valley Authority; l. 782 m.
;terek
N. Caucasia, RSFSR; flows to Caspian Sea; l. 350 m.
;test (or anton)
Hants, Eng.; flows to head of Southampton Water.
;teviot
Roxburgh, Scot.; trib. of R. Tweed; l. 37 m.
;thame
trib. of R. Thames, Eng.; l. 35 m.
;thames
Eng.; rises in Cotswold Hills, Glos, and flows past Oxford,
Reading, Windsor and London to the Nore; l. 209 m.
;thaya
Austria; trib. of R. March; l. 130 m.
;thompson
B.C., Canada; rises in Monashee Mtns. flows S.W. into R. Frazer
140 m. upstream from Vancouver; valley forms impt. routeway
used by trunk rlys. from Vancouver E. towards Yellowhead Pass
(Canadian Pacific Rly.); l. approx. 280 m.
;thur
Switzerland; flows to R. Rhine, nr. Schaffhausen; l. 70 m.
;tiber
Italy; flows from Apennines to Mediterranean, passing thru Rome;
l. 220 m.
;ticino
Switzerland and Italy; trib. of Po; forms S. approach to St. Gotthard
Pass; l. 150 m.
;tigre
S. America; rises in Ecuador and flows mainly thru Peru
to the R. Maran~on (Amazon); l. 400 m.
;tigris
Turkey; rising in mtns. of Armenia and Turkestan, flowing S.E.
to join the Euphrates 40 m. N.W. of Basra; l. 1100 m.;
dam projected 35 m. N. of Mosul.
;till
N. Northumberland, Eng.;;tobol
W. Siberia, RSFSR; trib. of R. Irtysh; l. 500 m.
;tocantins
provs. Para' and Goiaz, Brazil; flows N. thru Para'
estuary to the Atlantic; navigation interrupted by rapids
200 m. above Para'; l. 1700 m.
;toce
N. Italy; rises in Lepontine Alps, flows S. and S.E.
into L. Maggiore; valley used by trunk rly. from Milan to Berne
as S.0 m.
;ussuri
N. China; flows to R. Amur; l. 340 m.
;va'h
Czechoslovakia; trib. of R. Danube; l. 200 m.
;vaal
S. Africa; rises in Drakensberg Mtns., and flows between
the Transvaal and Orange Free State to join the Orange R. nr.
Kimberley; l. 560 m.
;var
Alpes-Maritimes, France; flows S. to Mediterranean Sea; l. 60 m.
;vardar
Jugoslavia, Greece; flows S. into G. of Thessalonika; l. 280 m.
;vecht
Neth.; branch of Rhine, flows into Ijsselmeer.
;victoria
flows into Queens Channel, N.W. cst. of N loess soils; formed
cradle of Chinese civilisation; l. approx. 500 m.
;welland
Nothants and Lincs, Eng.; rises in Northampton Heights, flows N.E.
enters The Wash 10 m. below Spalding; l. 70 m.
;weser
Germany; flows N. to N. Sea at Bremerhaven; navigable for
270 m.; total l. 440 m.
;wey
Hants, Surrey, Eng.; rises in W. Weald, flows N. into R.
Thames nr. Weybridge; cuts impt. gap thru N. Downs at Guilford;
l. 35 m.
;whangpoo
Kiangsu, China; tidal creek upon which Shanghai is situated;
runs 14 m. inland from Yangtze-Kiang estuary nr. Woosung.
;wharfe
W.R. Yorks, Eng.; trib. of R. Ouse; l. 60 m.
;white
Ark., Mo., USA; trib. of Mississippi R.; 300 m. navigable; l. 800 m.
;white nile (bahr-el-abiad)
Sudan, N.E. Africa; strictly, name applies to stretch or R.
Nile between L. No and Khartoum; distance over 500 m.
;whiteadder
Berwick, Scot.; trib. of R. Tweed; l. 34 m.
;wichita
Texas, USA; trib. of Red R.; l. 225 m.
;willamette
Ore., USA; rises in Cascade Mtns., flows N. into Columbia R.
below Portland; valley gives rich agr. land, wheat, rootcrops,
dairy produce, hard and soft fruits; ch. ts. Portland, Salem;
l. approx. 300 m.
;windrush
Oxford, Gloucester, Eng.; trib. of R. Thames.
;winooski (or onion)
Vt., USA; l. 90 m.
;wipper
Germany; trib. of R. Rhine; l. 50 m.
;wisconsin
Wis., USA; trib. of Mississippi; l. 600 m.
;wiske
N.R. Yorks, Eng.; trib. of R. Swale; l. 24 m.
;witham
Rutland and Lincs, Eng.; flows into The Wash; l. 80 m.
;wupper
Germany; trib. of R. Rhine; l. 40 m.
;wye
Bucks, Eng.; rises in Chiltern Hills above
High Wycombe, flows S.E. to R. Thames at Cookham.
;wyre
Lancs, Eng.; rises in Pennines, flows W. into
Lancaster Bay at Fleetwood; l. 28 m.
;xingu
Brazil; trib. of the Amazon; navigable in its lower course;
l. 1200 m.
;yakima
Wash., USA;  trib. of Columbia R.; l. 208 m.
;yalu
forms bdy. between N. Korea and Manchuria; flows into Yellow Sea.
;yana
Siberia, USSR; l. 1000 m.
;yangtze
China; rises in plateau of Tibet, flows E. to E. China Sea,
Pac. Oc. nr. Shanghai; traverses "Red Basin" of Szechwan, a deep
gorge above Ichang, and finally a broad, level plain; many lge.
cs. on its banks, Chungking, Ichang, Wuhan (Hankow, Hayang,
Wuchang), Nanking, Chinkiang; navigable by ocean-going vessels 1800
m. to Ichang; total l. 3500 m.
;yapura
Brazil and Columbia, S. America; trib. of R. Amazon;
navigable for 600 m.; l. 1500 m.
;yare
Norfolk, Eng.; flows E. to N. Sea at Gorleston; l. 50 m.
;yarkand
Sinkiang, China; trib. of Tarim R.; l. 500 m.
;yarra
Victoria, Australia; l. 100 m.
;yavary
S. America; on Brazil-Peru frontier; trib. of
R. Maran~on; l. 450 m.
;yazoo
Miss., USA; trib. of R. Mississippi; l. 280 m.
;yellow
see Hwang Ho.
;yenesei
Siberia, RSFSR; rises in Sayan Mtns., flows N. into Arctic Ocean;
ch. tribs. Upper, Stony and Lower Tunguska Rs.; l. 3300 m.
;yeo (or ivel)
Dorset, Somerset, Eng.; trib. of R. Parrett; l. 24 m.
;yeshil-irmak
Turkey; flows N. to Black Sea; l. 200 m.
;york
tidal estuary of Chesapeake Bay, USA.
;yuan kiang
Hunan, China; l. 400 m.
;yuba
Cal., USA; trib. of Feather-Sacramento R.
;yukon
Canada-Alaska; flows N.W. and W. into Bering Strait;
navigable for 1200 m.; l. 2000 m.
;zambesi
S.E. Africa; flows E. to Mozambique Channel, Indian Ocean;
navigable for 1700 m.; l. 2200 m.